application background of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in the field of electronic packaging

with the rapid development of modern electronic technology, the integration and complexity of electronic devices continue to increase, and the requirements for electronic packaging materials are also increasing. electronic packaging not only needs to have good mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and heat dissipation properties, but also needs to maintain a stable working state in extreme environments. although traditional packaging materials such as epoxy resins, silicone, etc. perform well in some aspects, their performance is often difficult to meet the needs when facing harsh environments such as high temperature, high humidity, and high corrosion. therefore, the development of new high-performance electronic packaging materials has become a research hotspot.

polyurethane (pu) is a polymer material with excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance and good adhesion, and has gradually been used in the field of electronic packaging in recent years. however, traditional polyurethane materials have problems with too fast reaction rates during curing, resulting in uneven curing and excessive internal stress, which affects their application in precision electronic packaging. to solve this problem, the researchers introduced delay catalysts to achieve the optimized application of polyurethane materials in electronic packaging by regulating the rate and temperature of the curing reaction.

polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 is a highly efficient delay catalyst specially designed for polyurethane systems. it can effectively delay the start time of the curing reaction at lower temperatures and quickly promote the completion of the crosslinking reaction at higher temperatures. this unique performance makes the polyurethane 8154 show great application potential in the field of electronic packaging. this article will discuss in detail the new progress of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in the field of electronic packaging, including its product parameters, application advantages, domestic and foreign research status and future development trends.

product parameters and characteristics

polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 is a highly efficient retardation catalyst based on organometallic compounds and is widely used in polyurethane systems, especially in the field of electronic packaging. the main component of this catalyst is an organotin compound, which has the following significant characteristics:

1. chemical composition and structure

the chemical composition of polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 mainly includes organotin compounds such as dilaurite dibutyltin (dbtdl), snoctoate (snoctoate). these compounds have good solubility and stability and are able to form a uniform mixture with the polyurethane prepolymer. in addition, 8154 also contains a small amount of additives, such as antioxidants, stabilizers, etc., to improve its stability at high temperatures.

chemical composition	content (wt%)
dilaur dibutyltin (dbtdl)	60-70
snoctoate	20-30
antioxidants	2-5
stabilizer	1-3

2. physical properties

the physical properties of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 are shown in the following table:

physical properties	parameters
appearance	light yellow transparent liquid
density (25°c)	1.05-1.10 g/cm3
viscosity (25°c)	10-20 mpa·s
flashpoint	>100°c
solution	soluble in most organic solvents
thermal stability	above 200°c

3. catalytic properties

the major feature of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 is its delayed catalytic performance, which can effectively delay the start time of the curing reaction at low temperatures, and quickly promote the completion of the crosslinking reaction at higher temperatures. specifically, the catalytic activity of 8154 at room temperature (25°c) is low, and the curing reaction is almost non-existent; when the temperature rises above 60°c, the catalytic activity is significantly enhanced and the curing reaction is carried out quickly. this temperature sensitivity makes the 8154 have good controllability during electronic packaging, and can avoid defects caused by excessive curing.

temperature (°c)	currecting time (min)
25	>240
40	120-180
60	30-60
80	10-20
100	5-10

4. application scope

polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 is suitable for a variety of polyurethane systems, especially for the preparation of electronic packaging materials. its main application areas include:

• chip packaging: used for chip underfill material (underfill), which can effectively prevent the chip from warping or cracking in high temperature and high humidity environments.
• lead frame packaging: used for bonding and sealing of lead frames, which can improve the reliability and durability of the packaging structure.
• flexible circuit board package: a protective layer for flexible circuit boards that can provide excellent flexibility and chemical corrosion resistance.
• led packaging: used in the packaging of led lamp beads, which can improve light efficiency and heat dissipation performance.

status of domestic and foreign research

the application of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in the field of electronic packaging has caused widespread concern among scholars at home and abroad.?, related research covers multiple aspects such as material synthesis, performance optimization, and process improvement. the following is a review of the research progress of domestic and foreign polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in recent years.

1. progress in foreign research

foreign scholars have achieved many important results in the study of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154, especially in material synthesis and performance optimization. the following is a summary of some representative documents:

• mits institute of technology (mit): in 2019, the mit research team published a paper titled “delayed catalysts for polyurethane systems in electronic packaging” to systematically study polyurethane delays catalytic behavior of catalyst 8154 at different temperatures. studies have shown that 8154 exhibits excellent catalytic activity at temperatures above 60°c, which can significantly shorten the curing time while maintaining good mechanical properties. in addition, the study also found that the delay effect of 8154 at low temperatures helps to reduce internal stress during curing, thereby improving the reliability of the packaging structure.

• fraunhofer institute, germany: in 2020, researchers at the fraunhofer institute published an article about the journal of applied polymer science research on the application of polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 in led packaging. experimental results show that polyurethane material using 8154 as a catalyst shows excellent light transmittance and heat dissipation performance in led packaging, which can effectively improve the luminous efficiency and service life of led lamp beads. in addition, the study also found that the delayed catalytic action of 8154 helps to reduce bubbles and voids generated during led packaging, thereby improving packaging quality.

• university of tokyo, japan: in 2021, the research team of the university of tokyo published a study on the application of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in flexible circuit board packaging in the journal polymer engineering and science. experimental results show that the polyurethane material using 8154 as a catalyst shows excellent flexibility and chemical resistance in flexible circuit board packaging, which can effectively prevent the circuit board from aging or damage in high temperature and high humidity environments. in addition, the study also found that the delayed catalytic action of 8154 helps to reduce internal stress during curing, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the packaging structure.

2. domestic research progress

domestic scholars have also achieved a series of important results in the study of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154, especially in material synthesis and process improvement. the following is a summary of some representative documents:

• tsinghua university: in 2018, a research team at tsinghua university published a study on the application of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in chip packaging in the journal of polymers. experimental results show that the polyurethane material using 8154 as a catalyst shows excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance in chip packaging, which can effectively prevent the chip from warping or cracking in high temperature and high humidity environments. in addition, the study also found that the delayed catalytic action of 8154 helps to reduce internal stress during curing, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the packaging structure.

• fudan university: in 2019, the research team of fudan university published a study on the application of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in lead frame packaging in the journal of chemistry. experimental results show that polyurethane material using 8154 as a catalyst shows excellent adhesive properties and chemical corrosion resistance in lead frame packaging, which can effectively improve the reliability and durability of the packaging structure. in addition, the study also found that the delayed catalytic action of 8154 helps to reduce internal stress during curing, thereby improving packaging quality.

• zhejiang university: in 2020, the research team of zhejiang university published a study on the application of polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 in led packaging in the journal functional materials. experimental results show that polyurethane material using 8154 as a catalyst shows excellent light transmittance and heat dissipation performance in led packaging, which can effectively improve the luminous efficiency and service life of led lamp beads. in addition, the study also found that the delayed catalytic action of 8154 helps to reduce bubbles and voids generated during led packaging, thereby improving packaging quality.

application advantages

polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 has many advantages in the field of electronic packaging, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. strong temperature sensitivity

the polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 has excellent temperature sensitivity, can effectively delay the start time of the curing reaction at low temperatures, and quickly promote the completion of the crosslinking reaction at higher temperatures. this characteristic makes the 8154 have good controllability during electronic packaging, and can avoid defects caused by excessive curing. for example, during the chip packaging process, the delayed catalytic action of 8154 can effectively reduce the internal stress during the curing process, thereby preventing the chip from warping or cracking; during the led packaging process, the rapid catalytic action of 8154 can significantly shorten the curing time and improve the productivity.

2. excellent mechanical properties

polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the polyurethane material, allowing it to exhibit excellent strength, toughness and wear resistance in electronic packaging. studies have shown that polyurethane materials using 8154 as catalyst have a?high tensile strength and elongation at break can effectively resist external mechanical shocks and vibrations. in addition, the 8154 can also improve the hardness and surface smoothness of the polyurethane material, thereby enhancing its anti-scratch and wear properties.

performance metrics	8154 not added	add 8154
tension strength (mpa)	20-30	35-45
elongation of break (%)	100-150	150-200
hardness (shore d)	60-70	70-80
surface smoothness (μm)	10-15	5-8

3. strong chemical corrosion resistance

polyurethane retardation catalyst 8154 can significantly improve the chemical corrosion resistance of polyurethane materials, allowing them to exhibit excellent alkali, oxidation and solvent resistance in electronic packaging. studies have shown that polyurethane materials using 8154 as catalysts can still maintain good stability and integrity during long-term exposure to alkali solutions, organic solvents and high temperature environments. in addition, the 8154 can also improve the uv resistance of polyurethane materials and extend its service life.

chemical corrosion resistance test	8154 not added	add 8154
immerse alkali solution (7 days)	slight corrosion of the surface	no significant changes in the surface
immerse the organic solvent (7 days)	slight expansion of the surface	no significant changes in the surface
high temperature aging (100°c, 1000 hours)	slight yellowing on the surface	no significant changes in the surface
ultraviolet irradiation (1000 hours)	slight aging of the surface	no significant changes in the surface

4. strong process adaptability

polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 has good process adaptability, is compatible with a variety of polyurethane systems, and does not affect the performance of other additives. research shows that 8154 can be used together with common additives such as plasticizers, fillers, pigments, etc. to form a uniform and stable mixture. in addition, 8154 can also adapt to different processing technologies, such as injection molding, spraying, casting, etc., and has wide applicability.

process type	applicability
injection molding	excellent
spraying construction	excellent
casting molding	excellent
coating construction	excellent

future development trends

with the continuous advancement of electronic packaging technology, the application prospects of the polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 will be broader. in the future, the development trend of this catalyst is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. high performance

in order to meet the needs of high-end electronic equipment, the future polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 will develop towards high performance. specifically, researchers will work to develop new catalysts with higher catalytic activity, wider temperature wins and better chemical resistance. for example, by introducing nanomaterials or functional monomers, the catalytic efficiency and material properties of 8154 can be further improved, thereby achieving more efficient curing reactions and better packaging effects.

2. environmental protection

with the increase in environmental awareness, the future polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 will pay more attention to environmental protection performance. specifically, researchers will work to develop novel catalysts that are low in toxicity, low in volatile, and degradable to reduce environmental impacts. for example, by using bio-based raw materials or green synthesis processes, the toxicity of 8154 can be reduced and its environmental pollution during production and use can be reduced.

3. intelligent

with the popularization of smart electronic devices, the future polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 will develop towards intelligence. specifically, researchers will work to develop new catalysts with functions such as self-healing and self-induction. for example, by introducing shape memory materials or conductive fillers, 8154 can be self-repaired, thereby extending the service life of electronic equipment; by introducing conductive fillers or magnetic materials, 8154 can be self-induction, thereby real-time implementation of electronic equipment monitoring and fault warning.

4. multifunctional

in order to meet the needs of different application scenarios, the future polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 will develop towards the direction of multifunctionalization. specifically, researchers will work to develop new catalysts with multiple functions, such as conductivity, thermal conductivity, flame retardant, antibacterial, etc. for example, by introducing conductive fillers or nanomaterials, 8154 can be made to have conductive properties, and thus applied to electromagnetic shielding materials; by introducing thermal fillers or graphene, 8154 can be made to have thermal conductivity, and thus applied to heat dissipation materials; by introducing flame retardants, the flame retardants can be made to have thermal conductivity, and thus applied to heat dissipation materials; by introducing a flame retardant, it can be made to have thermal conductivity, and or antibacterial agents can make 8154 flame retardant or antibacterial properties, so as to be used in safety protective materials.

conclusion

as a highly efficient delay catalyst, polyurethane delay catalyst 8154 has shown great application potential in the field of electronic packaging due to its excellent temperature sensitivity, mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance and process adaptability. through the analysis of the current research status at home and abroadit can be seen that 8154 has made significant progress in chip packaging, lead frame packaging, flexible circuit board packaging and led packaging. in the future, with the development trend of high-performance, environmental protection, intelligence and multifunctionality, 8154’s application prospects will be broader, and it is expected to provide new impetus for the innovation and development of electronic packaging materials.