It is understood that n-octadecane is a colorless liquid and a white solid at low temperatures. Flash point (℃): 165; Melting point (℃): 28.18; Boiling point (°C): 316.1, insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, and methanol. It has the characteristics of high purity, high enthalpy value, and stable chemical properties. It has a wide range of applications in the fields of functional temperature-regulating textiles, building energy conservation, and cold chain transportation.
A method for preparing n-octadecane under normal pressure. The steps of the preparation method are:
(1) First, 90kg, 1600mol ice Acetic acid is placed in the reaction kettle, and 38kg (580mol, 325 mesh) zinc powder and 33.34kg bromooctadecane (100mol, melting point 28.5°C) are added in sequence under stirring conditions to form a mixed liquid, and the temperature of the mixed liquid is raised to 80 ℃;
(2) Drop the hydrochloric acid (content: 36-38%, calculated as hydrogen chloride 1015mol) in the high-level tank of the reaction kettle into the mixed liquid, and rapidly increase the temperature of the mixed liquid until it is accompanied by Reflux occurs and remains in the reflux state. The entire dripping process lasts for 25 hours with 100kg of hydrochloric acid. After the dripping process is completed, the mixture is maintained at 110°C for another 6 hours. The mixture is allowed to settle until the mixture is stratified, and the mixture is separated. The crude n-octadecane liquid on the upper surface;
(3) Wash the separated crude n-octadecane liquid with sulfuric acid several times, using about 2000ml of sulfuric acid each time until the n-octadecane liquid is The crude product turns into a colorless or light yellow n-octadecane liquid, and then the n-octadecane liquid is washed with 20% sodium carbonate until neutral to obtain a n-octadecane purified liquid;
(4 ) Dry the n-octadecane purified solution with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After drying, filter out the desiccant, distill it, and collect the 314-315°C fraction. The resulting product is the n-octadecane product.
Through testing, the yield of genuine n-octadecane was 22.5kg (80% of theory), and the chromatographic analysis gradient could reach 98%.
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